December 9- 13, 2005
Lucknow, India

Name:

Ms Eugenia Almand JD





Ms Eugenia Almand JD

Designation

Secretary

Organization/Institution

Provisional World Parliament

Country

USA

   

Short Biography

Wholly dedicated to the cause of establishing world parliament Ms. Eugenia Almand, Juris Doctor, is Secretary, Provisional World Parliament, USA. She has co-authored several world legislative acts of the Provisional World Parliament. Her special contribution to world parliament movement has been the drafting of World Peace Act and World Security Act to identify crimes against humanity and war crimes. Ms. Almand is also Director of the Institute World Problems, Co-Director of the Ensophion New Humanity Centre, Kalamata, Greece, Deputy Chair of the Standing Parliamentary Commission on Disarmament for the Provisional World Parliament and Deputy Secretary General of the World Constitution, Parliament Association and Interim Enforcement Supervisor.

 

 

 

 

Presentation

Multi-Cameral Genesis of World Statutory Code
The Emergence of Assembly of States and the World Parliament

The sessions of the provisional World Parliament meet to deliberate provisional world legislation in conformance with the Earth Constitution.

The essential principle of world parliament is that the world citizens themselves have the legitimate authority to establish self-government at the world level. Under the nearly worldwide accepted principles of parliamentary democracy, parliaments do not require permissions from their constituent governments in the form of legislative ratifications. In other words, nowhere are parliaments subject to veto by their constituent governments: Uttar Pradesh is not required to ratify statutes of the Council of States or Lok Sabha. This differentiates parliamentary government from conventional rulings (which require national ratifications).

Since the provisional World Parliament is not subject to national veto, and since it is founded on a legitimate, democratic Earth Constitution, its work is real law, subject to amendment, repeal and extension, etc., at any future sessions of the World Parliament, not by veto, but rather by the democratic participation and election of its national and peoples representatives, and by its counselors.

A question might arise about the legitimacy of the Earth Constitution, since everyone has not already voted for it. But logically, for democracy to be, some citizens must take initiative, and then include provisions for ratification in the constitution that they draft. It is the provision for democratic ratification that 100% legitimizes the constitution, not any utopian requirement that the Constitution were ratified before its being written, nor any civil enforcement prowess of those who wish to implement the World Parliament, although the Earth Constitution does have provisions for practical civil implementation, rather than military implementation.

The Earth Constitution was drafted by a geographically, racially and nationally diverse group of many persons over a period of thirty years. It is the only world constitution to have such a large participative base in its drafting.

On to world statutory code—
There are currently two deliberative bodies that are drafting world legislation: the provisional World Parliament, and the Assembly of States Parties. Each of these two have real strengths and real weaknesses. However, they in fact are depending on one another for their integrated world legislative base. The emergence of multiple, legitimate legislative chambers that provide cross-checking control on world legislative statutes is the logical extension of the effective principle of multiple legislative chambers at national and regional levels, such as the Council of States and the Lok Sabha of India.

(Note: Assembly of States Parties - ASP as of 28 October 2005 has exactly 100 national governments officially participating in its deliberations. The ASP is currently the primary source for over half of the body of text of world legislation adopted by the provisional World Parliament. The other half of the text comes from numerous drafting commissions and legislative authors. This is similar to the legislative drafting sources of national governments.)

The Criminal Bench of the World Court (created by the Assembly of States Parties) currently has a yearly budget of equivalent of some 27 thousand crore rupees. This is not a dream for some utopia, but is the practical budget—modest, but real, promised and being delivered from the Assembly of States Parties’ 100 member states. (http://www.iccnow.org/ — search words: budget, Euros) The application of people’s coordinated action for multiple legislative chambers could quickly increase this budget by more than an order of magnitude (to equivalent of more than 270 crore rupees). The coordinated action is largely the response of private citizens who take provisional governmental responsibilities, with an end view of accounting for everyone’s effforts, so that the public venture can truly pay off. Provision for crediting of citizens work for the world parliament and world federation is a well-established principle of world constitutional law and world statutory code. However, the people—the world citizens—must encourage accountancy from the provisional world federation itself—not just rely on donations from individuals, from NGO’s or from nations. This means that anything you do for the world parliament and the world federation needs to be accounted for, and that you have the responsibility also for accounting for the value of your own contribution. If you try to exclusively volunteer, the volunteering itself will smother the strength of the federation!

This increase in the World Court Criminal Bench budget does not come from sacrifice nor from voluntary contributions, but rather from the credit generated as the principle of multicameral legislature of world parliament is proclaimed by the citizens themselves. Within a decade, the budget, via the coordination of multicameral legislation, could increase to significantly more than 2 orders of magnitude (to more than 2,700 crore rupees). This can be done without depriving from social service allocations, since the world parliamentary budget will also be considering and allocating for such services, including for instance, emergency services for earthquake victims and for polio victims, etc. Allocations for these services can also be made keeping in mind businesses, so that economies are not destroyed due to appropriate social welfare.

The legislation of the provisional World Parliament is based upon professional legislative drafting guidelines. The Parliament serves legislative function to integrate viable international laws, including viable convention laws, within a fiscally-solvent, democratic, non-military, global decision-making structure.
Japan Provisional World Districts
(based on the Elections Act (MS_29) of the provisional World Parliament, August 2004, Lucknow)
Japan Population- 2003 year - total (thousands) 127,619 (Base for provisional World Districts)

Local #, & District Constituencies (in per capita thousands ) World District Populations PWD#
1) Hokkaido . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5659k 667
2) Aomori -1462; Iwate -1402; Miyagi -2373; Akita -1167;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6404k 668
3) Yamagata -1230; Fukushima -2113; Ibaraki -2991; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6334k 669
4) Tochigi -2011; Gumma-2034; Niigata-2460; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6505k 670
5) Saitama -7029; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7029k 671
6) Chiba -6024; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6024k 672
7,8) Tokyo -1,2310; sbttl. Tokyo -12,310k, 2 world districts , ea. 6,155k 673-674
9,10) Kanagawa, E. & W.-8687; Shizuoka-3793; sbttl. 12,480k, 2 world districts, ea. . . . . 6,240k 675-676
11) Toyama -1117; Ishikawa -1180; Fukui -827; Yamanashi -887; Nagano -2215; . . . . . . . 6,226k 677
12,13) Gifu -2111; Aichi -7158; Mie -1862; Kyoto -2641; sbttl. 13,772k 2 world districts, ea. . 6,886k 678-679
14,15) Nara -1436; Wakayama -1056; Shiga -1366; Osaka, N.& S. -8816; sbttl. 12,674k, 2 districts, ea. 6,337k 680-681
16) Hyogo -5585; Tottori -611; Shimane -753; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,949k 682
17) Okayama -1953; Hiroshima -2878; Yamaguchi -1512;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,343k 683
18) Tokushima -817; Kagawa -1020; Ehime -1483; Kochi -807; Oita -1218; Miyazaki -1164;
Shikoku & E. Kyuushuu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,509k 684
19) Fukuoka -5051; Saga -872; 5,923k 685
20) Nagasaki -1501; Kumamoto -1855; Kagoshima -1775; Okinawa -1349; . . . . . . . . . 6,480k 686
_____________________________________________________________
20 provisional World Districts, constituting part of Region 9, Magna-Region 5, Continent 3 of the Earth Federation District numbers are assigned by the provisional World Parliament, not by constituent world districts.

However, District Names are to be determined by plebiscite within the constituent world districts, not by the World Parliament. Specific world district borders are subject to change within world constitutional limits, by decision of the World Parliament, but subject to approval by final plebiscite of the specific world districts affected, as is defined in the Earth Constitution. Alternatively, affected world districts may initiate plebiscites to maintain or adjust world district lines, within world constitutional limits.

World Districts here described fit within the 10% constitutional limits, except for Hokkaido and Saitama, which each have about 50K people under and over the limit, respectively. Plebiscites or soundings are recommended for Aomori, Saitama, and perhaps World Districts adjacent Saitama to determine district lines for these districts. For Saitama, recommending possibly drawing district line on Jouetsu Shinkansen and Tohoku Shinkansen (expressways), with area north of the expressways going to Tochigi, Gumma, Niigata, North Saitama World District. This is a clear geographical boundary, and probably has about the correct population to serve as an appropriate district line. For Hokkaido, recommending either Shimokita Hantou or Tsugaru Hantou, or parts of both, to be included as Hokkaido, North Aomori World District. Although geographical markers are not as clear as for Saitama, compliance with the population limit can be obtained by such an inclusion.

Immediate information to get: Age statistics for populations of the prefectures, or from Japan as a whole for extrapolation to World Districts, to determine the electorate. A list of mondialized cities of Japan (and mondialized prefectures, if these exist. Determine 25% of the electorate for the prefectures. Half of this amount is the threshhold simple majority for effective, legal ratification of the Earth Constitution.

About World Parliament
The sessions of the provisional World Parliament meet to deliberate provisional world legislation in conformance with the Earth Constitution.
The essential principle of world parliament is that the world citizens themselves have the legitimate authority to establish self-government at the world level. Under the nearly worldwide accepted principles of parliamentary democracy, parliaments do not require permissions from their constituent governments in the form of legislative ratifications. In other words, nowhere are parliaments subject to veto by their constituent governments. This differentiates parliamentary government from conventional rulings (which require national ratifications).

Since the provisional World Parliament is not subject to national veto, and since it is founded on a legitimate, democratic Earth Constitution, its work is real law, subject to amendment, repeal and extension, etc., at any future sessions of the World Parliament, not by veto, but rather by the democratic participation and election of its national and peoples representatives, and by its counselors.

Though not officially, there are currently two deliberative bodies that are drafting world legislation: the provisional World Parliament, and the Assembly of States Parties. Each of these two have real strengths and real weaknesses. However, they in fact are depending on one another for their integrated world legislative base. The emergence of multiple, legitimate legislative chambers that provide cross-checking control on world legislative statutes is the logical extension of the effective principle of multiple legislative chambers at national and regional levels.

(Note: Assembly of States Parties - ASP currently has exactly 100 national governments officially participating in its deliberations. The ASP is currently the primary source for over half of the body of text of world legislation adopted by the provisional World Parliament.)

The legislation of the provisional World Parliament is based upon professional legislative drafting guidelines. The Parliament serves legislative function to integrate viable international laws, including viable convention laws, within a fiscally-solvent, democratic, non-military, global decision-making structure.

Workshop:
The workshop was planned in two parts:
1) Immediate electoral action, with accounting for reimbursement, as provided under the Earth Constitution and the world legislation; and
2) The legal promotion of a transcendant world currency system via art and world legislation. The legislation is a necessary but easy matter. The far more challenging component here is the art, which is necessary for the thriving of the global peace culture.

By student canvassing of economic thinkers such as Robert Mundell, Paul Volcker, John Kenneth Galbraith,
James Galbraith and George Soros, a tremendous fiscal prestige can be generated. An essential key is to NOT ask them for money, but rather to honor them by asking them to participate in judging a world currency design exposition. CMS students would take a leading student division role.

Who are these aforementioned people?
Robert Mundell, Nobel Laureate in Economics and Chair of the Economics Department at Colombia University in New York City writes that there must be a global currency. He is correct of course. Now since CMS is a UNESCO Peace Education Prize laureate, it will honor Robert Mundell further if students urge him to serve as an honorary judge in a global currency design exposition If students and WUPED are persistent and tactful, the approach will be irresistible. If Robert Mundell is a design exposition judge, then that gives tremendous status to the currency design exposition itself, which fixes value to the process of the world currency design, with CMS and WUPED in the process. Paul Volcker, former Chair of the United States Federal Reserve System, is also head of the International Accounting and Auditing Standards Board (IASB). This is the agency that professionally determines worldwide standards for accounting and auditing. Since the provisional World Parliament has already adopted the International Accounting Standards of the IASB, this gives greater stature both to the provisional World Parliament and to the IASB. It hastens the wide acceptance and implementation of the International Accounting Standards which are absolutely necessary in the new global system. In other words, the currency design exposition itself is to design artwork for world currency that itself is subject to the IASB standards.

(It is vital to note here that though the artwork itself has value, it does not pretend to be actual currency, which would evidently require national level confirmations to be operative. The format within which the currency art is embedded will clearly note that the artwork itself is not legal tender, but rather only sample of human global culture building a new fiscal system. (In other words, the format framework for the art is clearly marked ?gSAMPLE?h. The artwork may or may not be professionally done, but the format within which the art is embedded will be of professional design and quality.)

John Kenneth Galbraith has written the following:
“...the United Nations role must now be open to major discussion—and change. The day will come I believe for a legislative oversight of the world economic and social system, the first step toward world government? And more generally and urgently, it must have responsibility in keeping with the new problems—economic, financial, cultural—of internationalism, of the modern global village and the protection of the welfare State....This is not in the area of fantasy. Rather, it is action to accommodate to the modern reality. It is what the underlying and controlling economic and social change has made essential. Let us now begin the serious discussion.” UN Chronicle, no. 3, 1997.

John Kenneth Galbraith is the Paul M. Warburg Professor of Economics Emeritus at Harvard University. So apparently Galbraith is supportive of world parliament. It would be good to note that J.K. Galbraith is 97 yoa and probably cannot participate strongly, but his son James Galbraith is a renowned global economist in his own right, and is also the Chair of the Board of Economists for Peace and Security and a professor at the University of Texas.

George Soros may also have a role to play in this, as among other things, his father is a strong advocate of Esperanto, and the provisional World Parliament has adopted Esperanto as an official language. Esperanto would of course be a necessary language to appear on the world currency in the framework format portion.
 

   

Organized by
World Movement for Global Democracy (WMGD)*
*an initiative of City Montessori School (CMS), Lucknow, India